UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training

ABSTRACT

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, and receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray. Numerous other aspects are provided.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This Patent Application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/010,388, filed on Apr. 15, 2020, entitled “UE ANTENNA SUBARRAY SELECTION DEPENDENT BEAM TRAINING,” and assigned to the assignee hereof. The disclosure of the prior Application is considered part of and is incorporated by reference into this Patent Application.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for user equipment (UE) antenna subarray selection dependent beam training.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

A wireless network may include a number of base stations (BSs) that can support communication for a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE may communicate with a BS via the downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, or the like.

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.

SUMMARY

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a user equipment (UE), may include transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a base station, may include receiving, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured to transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may include a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors may be configured to receive, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and transmit, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may cause the UE to transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a base station, may cause the base station to receive, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and transmit, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may include means for transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the apparatus; and means for receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may include means for receiving, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, wireless communication device, and/or processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station in communication with a UE in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of antenna ports, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 includes diagrams illustrating one or more examples of antenna subarrays, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of user equipment antenna subarray selection dependent beam training, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a base station, in accordance with the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

It should be noted that while aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and/or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G).

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and/or an LTE network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include a number of base stations 110 (shown as BS 110 a, BS 110 b, BS 110 c, and BS 110 d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with user equipment (UEs) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B (NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), or the like. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BS and/or a BS subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , a BS 110 a may be a macro BS for a macro cell 102 a, a BS 110 b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102 b, and a BS 110 c may be a femto BS for a femto cell 102 c. A BS may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “base station”, “NR BS”, “gNB”, “TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” may be used interchangeably herein.

In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to one another and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.

Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , a relay BS 110 d may communicate with macro BS 110 a and a UE 120 d in order to facilitate communication between BS 110 a and UE 120 d. A relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay, or the like.

Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs of different types, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, or the like. These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with one another, directly or indirectly, via a wireless or wireline backhaul.

UEs 120 (e.g., 120 a, 120 b, 120 c) may be dispersed throughout wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, or the like. A UE may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or equipment, biometric sensors/devices, wearable devices (smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wrist bands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor, smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and/or location tags, that may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as processor components and/or memory components. In some aspects, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120 a and UE 120 e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol or a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol), and/or a mesh network. In this case, the UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the base station 110.

Devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided based on frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. For example, devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using an operating band having a first frequency range (FR1), which may span from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, and/or may communicate using an operating band having a second frequency range (FR2), which may span from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as a “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to as a “millimeter wave” band despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. Thus, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is contemplated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

As indicated above, FIG. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. Base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234 a through 234 t, and UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252 a through 252 r, where in general T≥1 and R≥1.

At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a data source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS(s) selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232 a through 232 t. Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T downlink signals from modulators 232 a through 232 t may be transmitted via T antennas 234 a through 234 t, respectively.

At UE 120, antennas 252 a through 252 r may receive the downlink signals from base station 110 and/or other base stations and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254 a through 254 r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254 a through 254 r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor 280. The term “controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and/or a channel quality indicator (CQI) parameter, among other examples. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller/processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with base station 110 via communication unit 294.

Antennas (e.g., antennas 234 a through 234 t and/or antennas 252 a through 252 r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and/or antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include a set of coplanar antenna elements and/or a set of non-coplanar antenna elements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include antenna elements within a single housing and/or antenna elements within multiple housings. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/or reception components, such as one or more components of FIG. 2 .

On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) from controller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by modulators 254 a through 254 r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station 110. In some aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g., MOD/DEMOD 254) of the UE 120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s) 252, modulators and/or demodulators 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and/or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller/processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to FIGS. 5-7 .

At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by demodulators 232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller/processor 240. Base station 110 may include communication unit 244 and communicate to network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule UEs 120 for downlink and/or uplink communications. In some aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g., MOD/DEMOD 232) of the base station 110 may be included in a modem of the base station 110. In some aspects, the base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s) 234, modulators and/or demodulators 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and/or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller/processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to FIGS. 5-7 .

Controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280 of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280 of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 600 of FIG. 6 , process 700 of FIG. 7 , and/or other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and/or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and/or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and/or interpreting) by one or more processors of the base station 110 and/or the UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and/or the base station 110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 600 of FIG. 6 , process 700 of FIG. 7 , and/or other processes as described herein. In some aspects, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and/or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

In some aspects, UE 120 may include means for transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, means for receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, and/or the like. In some aspects, such means may include one or more components of UE 120 described in connection with FIG. 2 , such as controller/processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, MOD 254, antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, and/or the like.

In some aspects, base station 110 may include means for receiving, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, and/or the like. In some aspects, such means may include one or more components of base station 110 described in connection with FIG. 2 , such as antenna 234, DEMOD 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, MOD 232, antenna 234, and/or the like.

While blocks in FIG. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of controller/processor 280.

As indicated above, FIG. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to FIG. 2 .

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of antenna ports, in accordance with the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a first physical antenna 305-1 may transmit information via a first channel h1, a second physical antenna 305-2 may transmit information via a second channel h2, a third physical antenna 305-3 may transmit information via a third channel h3, and a fourth physical antenna 305-4 may transmit information via a fourth channel h4. Such information may be conveyed via a logical antenna port, which may represent some combination of the physical antennas and/or channels. In some cases, a UE 120 may not have knowledge of the channels associated with the physical antennas, and may only operate based on knowledge of the channels associated with antenna ports, as defined below.

An antenna port may be defined such that a channel, over which a symbol on the antenna port is conveyed, can be inferred from a channel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is conveyed. In example 300, a channel associated with antenna port 1 (AP1) is represented as h1−h2+h3+j*h4, where channel coefficients (e.g., 1, −1, 1, and j, in this case) represent weighting factors (e.g., indicating phase and/or gain) applied to each channel Such weighting factors may be applied to the channels to improve signal power and/or signal quality at one or more receivers. Applying such weighting factors to channel transmissions may be referred to as precoding, and “precoder” may refer to a specific set of weighting factors applied to a set of channels.

Similarly, a channel associated with antenna port 2 (AP2) is represented as h1+j*h3, and a channel associated with antenna port 3 (AP3) is represented as 2*h1−h2+(1+j)*h3+j*h4. In this case, antenna port 3 can be represented as the sum of antenna port 1 and antenna port 2 (e.g., AP3=AP1+AP2) because the sum of the expression representing antenna port 1 (h1−h2+h3+j*h4) and the expression representing antenna port 2 (h1+j*h3) equals the expression representing antenna port 3 (2*h1−h2+(1+j)*h3+j*h4). It can also be said that antenna port 3 is related to antenna ports 1 and 2 [AP1, AP2] via the precoder [1,1] because 1 times the expression representing antenna port 1 plus 1 times the expression representing antenna port 2 equals the expression representing antenna port 3.

As indicated above, FIG. 3 is provided merely as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to FIG. 3 .

FIG. 4 includes diagrams illustrating one or more examples 400 of antenna subarrays, in accordance with the present disclosure.

In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) may include one or more antenna panels. An antenna panel may include an array of antennas or antenna elements that may be located in the same physical location, share control circuitry, share transmission or reception circuitry, share common power procedures (e.g., that may be collectively powered on or powered off), and/or may be used to form a shared beam (e.g., by controlling a gain, and/or phase shift of each individual antenna or antenna element), among other examples. As shown in FIG. 4 , each block may represent an antenna element of an antenna array.

An antenna array may include multiple antenna elements capable of being configured for beamforming. For example, an antenna array may be referred to as a phased array because phase values and/or phase offsets of the antenna elements may be configured to perform electrical or analog beamforming of a beam by forming the beam using different phase values and/or phase offsets being used for different beams (e.g., in different directions). In some aspects, an antenna array may be a fixed receive (Rx) antenna array capable of only receiving communications while not transmitting communications. In some aspects, an antenna array may be a fixed transmit (Tx) antenna array capable of only transmitting communications while not receiving communications. In some aspects, an antenna array may be configured to act as an Rx antenna array and/or a Tx antenna array (e. g., via a Tx/Rx switch, a multiplexer (MUX), and/or a demultiplexer (DEMUX)). An antenna array may be capable of communicating using millimeter waves and/or other types of radio frequency (RF) analog signals.

Each of the antenna elements may include one or more sub-elements (not shown) for radiating (e.g., transmitting) or receiving RF signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit or receive cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas or other types of antennas arranged in a linear, two dimensional, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted or received separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere with each other (e.g., to form a desired beam). For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half wavelength, or other fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for interaction or interference of signals transmitted or received by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.

At higher carrier frequencies (e.g., above 24.25 GHz) larger antenna arrays may be used by UEs. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , an antenna array of UE 120 may include 16 antenna elements (e.g., the antenna array may be a 4×4 antenna array). Other antenna arrays may include different quantities of antenna elements and/or different shapes or geometries. An antenna array, such as a 4×4 antenna array, may be controlled by multiple control circuits (e.g., multiple radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), with each RFIC controlling one or more antenna elements of the antenna array). The multiple control circuits may consume power and have an associated thermal output. In some aspects, UE 120 may select (e.g., activate) or not select (e.g., deactivate and/or not activate) one or more antenna elements of an antenna array to form an antenna subarray. For example, UE 120 may turn on or off each antenna element or port associated therewith. As such, UE 120 may select one or more antenna elements from the antenna elements of the antenna array to form an antenna subarray. A selected antenna subarray may have a quantity of antenna elements, a shape, and/or a geometry associated therewith.

For example, in a first example antenna subarray (e.g., antenna subarray 1), the antenna subarray may be a 2×2 antenna subarray (e.g., including 4 antenna elements arranged in 2 rows with 2 antenna elements in each row). In a second example antenna subarray (e.g., antenna subarray 2), the antenna subarray may be a 1×4 antenna subarray (e.g., including 4 antenna elements arranged in 1 row with 4 antenna elements in the row). In a third example antenna subarray (e.g., antenna subarray 3), the antenna subarray may be a 2×4 antenna subarray (e.g., including 8 antenna elements arranged in 2 rows with 4 antenna elements in each row). In a fourth example antenna subarray, the antenna subarray may be a 2×1+2×1 distributed antenna subarray (e.g., including 4 antenna elements arranged in a first set of antenna elements arranged in 2 rows with 1 antenna element in each row and a second set of antenna elements arranged in 2 rows with 1 antenna element in each row).

In some aspects, UE 120 may perform beam training (e.g., to select and/or configure one or more suitable beams) based at least in part on the antenna array of UE 120. For example, UE 120 may perform beam training for the entire antenna array of UE 120 (e.g., the 4×4 antenna array shown in FIG. 4 ) and extend the beam training to the selected antenna subarrays. In some aspects, UE 120 may perform beam training for one antenna subarray and extend the beam training of the antenna subarray to other antenna subarrays. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , UE 120 may perform beam training for the third antenna subarray and extend the beam training to the second antenna subarray and/or the fourth antenna subarray (e.g., because the antenna elements of the second and fourth antenna subarrays are included in the third antenna subarray). However, performing beam training on the entire antenna array or a larger antenna subarray consumes network resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and/or spatial resources), UE resources (e.g., memory resources, processor resources, and/or battery resources), and/or base station resources, among other examples.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein provide for UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training by enabling a UE to report a selected antenna subarray to a base station. The base station may determine and transmit an indication to the UE of reference signals (e.g., a quantity or number of reference signals, a reference signal density, and/or the like) that are needed for beam training based at least in part on the selected UE antenna subarray. As such, the UE may perform beam training for the selected antenna subarray using the reference signals indicated by the base station. As a result, the antenna subarray selection dependent beam training may conserve network resources, UE resources, and/or base station resources that would have otherwise been used performing beam training for the entire antenna array of the UE or a larger antenna subarray of the UE.

As indicated above, FIG. 4 is provided as one or more examples. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5 , a base station 110 and a UE 120 may communicate with one another over a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100).

The UE 120 may be configured to perform beam training for a set of beams. The beam training may include measuring one or more reference signals (e.g., channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs), sounding reference signals (SRSs), and/or the like) using one or more antenna arrays or antenna elements. The beam training may include the UE 120 reporting beam-specific and/or antenna subarray or antenna element specific channel quality information to the base station 110 for downlink beam training (e.g., using one or more CSI-RSs). The beam training may include the base station 110 evaluating the quality of one or beams received from the UE 120 for uplink beam training (e.g., using one or more SRSs).

As show by reference number 505, the base station 110 may transmit to the UE 120 one or more resource grants (e.g., in a downlink control information (DCI) communication, a radio resource control (RRC) communication, and/or the like) allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training. An SRS resource set may indicate a configuration for one or more SRS resource sets that the UE 120 may use to transmit an SRS to the base station 110. An SRS resource set may include one or more SRS resources, which may each include time resources or frequency resources (for example, a slot, a symbol, a resource block, a periodicity for the time resources, and/or the like). The plurality of SRS resource sets may map an SRS resource to one or more antenna elements, antenna arrays, antenna subarrays, and/or the like of the UE 120. Thus, the plurality SRS resource sets may indicate one or more time and/or frequency resources in which an SRS is to be transmitted, and may indicate one or more antenna elements on which the SRS is to be transmitted in those time-frequency resources. The base station 110 may determine the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a configuration of an antenna array UE 120 (e.g., the total quantity of antenna elements of the UE 120 and/or a shape or geometry of an antenna array of the UE 120).

As shown by reference number 510, the UE 120 may determine an antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE 120. The antenna subarray may include a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of an antenna array of the UE 120. The UE 120 may determine the antenna subarray based at least in part on an architectural constraint of the UE (e.g., based at least in part on a configuration of one or more control circuits controlling one or more antenna elements of the UE 120), a communication rate parameter (e.g., indicating a transmit rate and/or a receive rate of one or more communications using the antenna subarray), a communication reliability parameter (e.g., indicating a required reliability and/or error rate of one or more communications using the antenna subarray), a power constraint (e.g., indicating a maximum or available level of power of the UE 120), and/or a thermal constraint (e.g., indicating a maximum temperature measured by the UE 120 based at least in part on the active antenna elements of the antenna subarray), among other examples. Examples of selected antenna subarrays are described above with respect to FIG. 4 .

As shown by reference number 515, the UE 120 may transmit, to the base station 110, an indication of the selected antenna subarray. The indication of the selected antenna subarray may include an indication of a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray (e.g., a number of antenna elements), an indication of a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray, an indication of a location of the antenna subarray within the antenna array (e.g., an indication of the specific antenna elements included in the antenna subarray), and/or the like.

In some aspects, as shown by reference number 520, the UE 120 may transmit, to the base station 110, an indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training. The UE 120 may determine the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the selected antenna subarray. For example, the UE 120 may determine that one or more of the plurality of SRS resource sets are applicable to the selected antenna subarray (e.g., based at least in part on a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray, a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, and/or the specific antenna elements included in the antenna subarray). In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability requirement, a power constraint, and/or a thermal constraint, among other examples.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may dynamically determine one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the selected antenna subarray. For example, the UE 120 may determine a first one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray. The UE 120 may determine a second one or more resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray. In some aspects, the first one or more SRS resource sets and the second one or more SRS resource sets may be different SRS resource sets based at least in part on the first antenna subarray being different from the second antenna subarray. The UE 120 may transmit an indication of the first one or more SRS resource sets when the first antenna subarray is selected. The UE 120 may transmit an indication the second one or more SRS resource sets when the second antenna subarray is selected.

As shown by reference number 525, the base station 110 may determine one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the selected antenna subarray and/or the indication of the one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training. The base station 110 may determine at least one of a reference signal density (e.g., a number of resource elements per resource block, a frequency domain density, and/or a time domain density) or a quantity of reference signals (e.g., a number of reference signals, and/or a quantitative measure of reference signals) based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray. The base station 110 may determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, and/or the shape or geometry of the antenna subarray, among other examples.

In some aspects, the base station 110 may determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on previous beam training performed using the same or similar antenna subarrays of UE 120 or other UEs. For example, the base station 110 may determine one or more parameters of the antenna subarray (e.g., the quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, and/or the shape or geometry of the antenna subarray), and determine one or more reference signals (e.g., reference signal density and/or a quantity of reference signals) used in previously performed beam training of antenna subarrays having the same or similar parameters. In some aspects, the base station 110 may determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on a configuration of the base station 110 (e.g., a configuration indicating different one or more reference signals to be used for beam training on different antenna subarrays).

In some aspects, the base station 110 may determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training. The base station 110 may receive the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training from the UE 120 and may determine that the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training by the UE 120 include the one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets. For example, the one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets may be the SRS resource sets indicated by the UE 120 as being associated with the selected antenna subarray. The base station 110 may determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on granting the UE 120 the SRS resource sets preferred by the UE 120.

In some aspects, the base station 110 may dynamically determine the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray received from the UE 120. For example, the base station 110 may receive an indication of a first antenna subarray and an indication of a second antenna subarray. The base station 110 may determine a first one or more reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray. The base station 110 may determine a second one or more reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray. The first one or more reference signals and the second one or more reference signals may be different based at least in part on the first antenna subarray being different from the second antenna subarray.

As shown by reference number 530, the base station 110 may transmit, to the UE 120, an indication of the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training. The indication of the one or more reference signals may be based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray received by the base station 110. The indication of the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training may include an indication of one or more SRSs to be used for uplink beam training and/or an indication of one or more CSI-RSs to be used for downlink beam training. In some aspects, the indication of the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training may include an indication of the reference signal density and/or the quantity of reference signals. The base station 110 may transmit different indications of one or more reference signals for different antenna subarrays indicated by the UE 120. The base station 110 may transmit the indication of the one or more reference signals to be used for beam training in a DCI communication, an RRC communication, and/or a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) communication, among other examples.

As shown by reference number 535, the UE 120 may perform beam training for the selected antenna subarray using the one or more reference signals indicated by the base station 110. For example, the UE 120 may perform beam training to determine one or more suitable beams for the selected antenna subarray. The UE 120 may receive one or more CSI-RSs (e.g., indicated by the base station 110) to determine one or more suitable downlink beams for the selected antenna subarray. The UE 120 may report beam-specific and/or antenna subarray or antenna element specific channel quality information to the base station 110 based at least in part on the one or more CSI-RSs. The UE 120 may transmit one or more SRSs (e.g., indicated by the base station 110) to the base station 110 to determine one or more suitable uplink beams for the selected antenna subarray. The base station 110 may evaluate beam-specific and/or antenna subarray or antenna element specific channel quality information based at least in part on the one or more SRSs.

As shown by reference number 540, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may communicate using the antenna subarray and one or more beams determined based at least in part on the performed beam training. In some aspects, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may communicate using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz (e.g., upper millimeter wave bands). In some aspects, the UE 120 and the base station 110 may communicate using an operating frequency corresponding to frequency range (FR) 4 (e.g., from 52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz).

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to FIG. 5 .

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process 600 performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 600 is an example where the UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training.

As shown in FIG. 6 , in some aspects, process 600 may include transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE (block 610). For example, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, and/or memory 282) may transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, as described above.

As further shown in FIG. 6 , in some aspects, process 600 may include receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray (block 620). For example, the UE (e.g., using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, and/or memory 282) may receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, as described above.

Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the indication of the reference signals includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the indication of the reference signals includes at least one of: an indication of one or more SRS to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting, to the base station, an indication of one or more SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, and the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 600 includes receiving, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets comprises: determining a first one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray, and determining a second one or more resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting a first indication of a first antenna subarray, and transmitting a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and receiving the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training comprises: receiving a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and receiving a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 600 includes communicating, with the base station, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.

In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.

Although FIG. 6 shows example blocks of process 600, in some aspects, process 600 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 6 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 600 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, by a base station, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the base station (e.g., base station 110) performs operations associated with UE antenna subarray selection dependent beam training.

As shown in FIG. 7 , in some aspects, process 700 may include receiving, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE (block 710). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmit processor 220, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, and/or memory 242) may receive, from a UE, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, as described above.

As further shown in FIG. 7 , in some aspects, process 700 may include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray (block 720). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmit processor 220, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, and/or memory 242) may transmit, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, as described above.

Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, process 700 includes determining at least one of a reference signal density or a quantity of reference signals based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, and the indication of the reference signals includes an indication of at least one of: the reference signal density, or the quantity of reference signals.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 700 includes determining one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements is including in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training includes at least one of: an indication of one or more SRSs to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 700 includes transmitting, to the UE, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training, and receiving the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: receiving, from the UE, an indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, and the indication of the reference signals is based at least in part on the indication of the one or more SRS resource sets.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, receiving the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets comprises: receiving a first indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray, and receiving a second indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, receiving the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: receiving a first indication of a first antenna subarray, and receiving a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and transmitting the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training comprises: transmitting a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and transmitting a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 700 includes communicating, with the UE, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.

Although FIG. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 7 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:

Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the indication of the reference signals includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals.

Aspect 3: The method of any one of Aspects 1-2, wherein the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.

Aspect 4: The method of any one of Aspects 1-3, wherein the indication of the reference signals includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.

Aspect 5: The method of any one of Aspects 1-4, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting, to the base station, an indication of one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.

Aspect 6: The method of Aspect 5, further comprising: receiving, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.

Aspect 7: The method of Aspect 6, wherein determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

Aspect 8: The method of any one of Aspects 6-7, wherein determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets comprises: determining a first one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray; and determining a second one or more resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.

Aspect 9: The method of any one of Aspects 1-8, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

Aspect 10: The method of any one of Aspects 1-9, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting a first indication of a first antenna subarray; and transmitting a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and wherein receiving the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training comprises: receiving a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and receiving a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.

Aspect 11: The method of any one of Aspects 1-10, further comprising: communicating, with the base station, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.

Aspect 12: The method of any one of Aspects 1-11, wherein the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.

Aspect 13: A method of wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising: receiving, from a user equipment (UE), an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray.

Aspect 14: The method of Aspect 13, further comprising: determining at least one of a reference signal density or a quantity of reference signals based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, wherein the indication of the reference signals includes an indication of at least one of: the reference signal density, or the quantity of reference signals.

Aspect 15: The method of any one of Aspects 13-14, further comprising: determining one or more reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.

Aspect 16: The method of any one of Aspects 13-15, wherein the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.

Aspect 17: The method of any one of Aspects 13-16, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets to be used for uplink beam training, wherein receiving the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: receiving, from the UE, an indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE, and wherein the indication of the reference signals is based at least in part on the indication of the one or more SRS resource sets.

Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

Aspect 19: The method of any one of Aspects 17-18, wherein receiving the indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets comprises: receiving a first indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray; and receiving a second indication of one or more SRS resource sets of the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.

Aspect 20: The method of any one of Aspects 13-19, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.

Aspect 21: The method of any one of Aspects 13-20, wherein receiving the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: receiving a first indication of a first antenna subarray; and receiving a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and wherein transmitting the indication of reference signals to be used for beam training comprises: transmitting a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and transmitting a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.

Aspect 22: The method of any one of Aspects 13-21, further comprising: communicating, with the UE, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.

Aspect 23: The method of any one of Aspects 13-22, wherein the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.

Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 1-12.

Aspect 25: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 1-12.

Aspect 26: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 1-12.

Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 1-12.

Aspect 28: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 1-12.

Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 13-23.

Aspect 30: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 13-23.

Aspect 31: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 13-23.

Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 13-23.

Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more Aspects of Aspects 13-23.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference to specific software code—it being understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

As used herein, satisfying a threshold may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items), and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of”). 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals; or wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication of the reference signals further includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting, to the base station, an indication of one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is further based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.
 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: receiving, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.
 6. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets comprises: determining a first one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray; and determining a second one or more resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray comprises: transmitting a first indication of a first antenna subarray; and transmitting a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and wherein receiving the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training comprises: receiving a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and receiving a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising: communicating, with the base station, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.
 11. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals; or wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.
 12. The UE of claim 11, wherein the indication of the reference signals further includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.
 13. The UE of claim 11, wherein the memory and the one or more processors, when transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray, are configured to: transmit, to the base station, an indication of one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is further based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.
 14. The UE of claim 13, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: receive, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and determine the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.
 15. The UE of claim 14, wherein determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.
 16. The UE of claim 14, wherein the memory and the one or more processors, when determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets, are configured to: determine a first one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a first antenna subarray; and determine a second one or more resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on a second antenna subarray.
 17. The UE of claim 11, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.
 18. The UE of claim 11, wherein the memory and the one or more processors, when transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray, are configured to: transmit a first indication of a first antenna subarray; and transmit a second indication of a second antenna subarray; and wherein the memory and the one or more processors, when receiving the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training, are configured to: receive a first indication of reference signals based at least in part on the first antenna subarray; and receive a second indication of reference signals based at least in part on the second antenna subarray.
 19. The UE of claim 11, wherein the memory and the one or more processors are further configured to: communicate, with the base station, using an operating frequency above 24.25 GHz.
 20. The UE of claim 11, wherein the antenna subarray includes a subset of antenna elements from a set of antenna elements of the antenna array.
 21. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising: one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: transmit, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and receive, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals; or wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.
 22. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for transmitting, to a base station, an indication of an antenna subarray based at least in part on a determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the apparatus; and means for receiving, from the base station, an indication of reference signals to be used for beam training based at least in part on the indication of the antenna subarray, wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training includes an indication of at least one of: a reference signal density, or a quantity of reference signals; or wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is based at least in part on at least one of: a quantity of antenna elements included in the antenna subarray, or a shape or geometry of the antenna subarray.
 23. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the indication of the reference signals further includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.
 24. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the one or more instructions that cause the UE to transmit the indication of the antenna subarray, cause the UE to: transmit, to the base station, an indication of one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is further based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.
 25. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the one or more instructions further cause the UE to: receive, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and determine the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.
 26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint.
 27. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the indication of the reference signals further includes at least one of: an indication of one or more sounding reference signals to be used for uplink beam training, or an indication of one or more channel state information reference signals to be used for downlink beam training.
 28. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the mans for transmitting the indication of the antenna subarray further comprise: means for transmitting, to the base station, an indication of one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE; and wherein the indication of the reference signals to be used for beam training is further based at least in part on the indication of one or more SRS resource sets.
 29. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising: means for receiving, from the base station, one or more resource grants allocating resources for a plurality of SRS resource sets to be used for uplink beam training; and means for determining the one or more SRS resource sets from the plurality of SRS resource sets based at least in part on the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE.
 30. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the determination of the antenna subarray from an antenna array of the UE is based at least in part on at least one of: an architectural constraint of the UE, a communication rate parameter, a communication reliability parameter, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint. 